http://happyhealthforum.com/forums/show/10.page JForum - http://www.jforum.net I am currently pursuing MD in Homeopathy and am writing my Thesis on Cancer of Cervix. Currently writing the Review of Literature, I wanted to write a few pages on Scientific Logic of Ayurveda on Cancer of Cervix.

Thus, I wanted the shlokas related to Cancer and if present, Shlokas on Cancer of Cervix.

I have a friend who can translate Sanskrit shlokas in English (I do not know Sanskrit) but, It will be really grateful if you provide me the English translations along with the Shlokas also.

Thanks and Regards
Dr. Apurva Tamhane
B.H.M.S., C.C.H., C.G.O., M.D. (HMM) Part II]]> http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/93/1729.page http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/93/1729.page GMT http://cancertypesinfo.com/2010/01/the-most-common-cancer-symtopms-in-men/
]]> http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/90/1726.page http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/90/1726.page GMT http://cancertypesinfo.com/2010/01/cancer-symptoms-in-women/
]]> http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/89/1725.page http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/89/1725.page GMT http://cancertypesinfo.com/2010/01/defining-cancer/
]]> http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/88/1724.page http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/88/1724.page GMT http://cancertypesinfo.com/2010/01/the-reason-of-developing-cancer/
]]> http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/87/1723.page http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/87/1723.page GMT http://cancertypesinfo.com/2010/01/can-cancer-spread-to-other-parts-of-the-body/
]]> http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/86/1722.page http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/86/1722.page GMT http://cancertypesinfo.com/2010/01/cancer-symptoms-saving-lives/

]]> http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/85/1721.page http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/85/1721.page GMT http://cancertypesinfo.com/2010/01/cancer-warning-signals/
]]> http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/84/1720.page http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/84/1720.page GMT http://cancertypesinfo.com/2010/01/early-detection-of-cancer-in-men/
]]> http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/83/1719.page http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/83/1719.page GMT thttp://cancertypesinfo.com/2010/01/cancer-awareness-is-prevention/
]]> http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/82/1718.page http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/82/1718.page GMT http://cancertypesinfo.com/2010/01/cancer-myths/]]> http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/81/1717.page http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/81/1717.page GMT
A colposcopy examination involves the visualization of the cervix using a magnifying instrument (colposcope). Colposcopy is usually carried out by a gynaecologist or nurse with special training in the diagnosis and treatment of cervical precancer. The patient to be examined is positioned on an examination chair and a speculum is gently inserted to visualize the cervix. The colposcope is positioned to enable the examiner to view the cervix under magnification and with good illumination.

A fluid (acetic acid) is the applied to the cervix and the abnormal cells take on a white appearance (aceto-white), which is visible on colposcopy. This area may then be closely examined and further information obtained by a biopsy (small sample of tissue taken with a biopsy forceps), which can then be examined by the pathologist to confirm the presence of pre-cancerous disease. Alternatively colposcopy may be the preliminary to treatment whereby the abnormal area of cervical tissue is removed, usually by loop diathermy.
The procedure is usually carried out under local anaesthesia, which is injected directly into the cervix. The abnormal area is removed by cutting the tissue with an electrically heated wire loop (loop diathermy). This allows rapid and precise removal of the abnormal tissue. If the abnormal area is large then laser treatment may be recommended. This is usually performed under general anaesthesia. Occasionally a combination of laser and loop diathermy is used. Patients may also elect to have their treatment under general anaesthesia.
After the treatment the patient is informed as to the after effects in terms of bleeding and discharge and also what complications may occur. A follow up examination may be recommended at six months. In any event the first follow up smear is taken at six months and after that on the anniversary of treatment until five years have elapsed. The patient then returns to the normal screening program.
]]> http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/50/1660.page http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/50/1660.page GMT [/size][/color][/b]
After the age of 20 years, women are invited by their GP to have a cervical smear test. The test is usually performed by the GP or practice nurse and involves visualization of the cervix with a speculum and sampling of the cells from the surface of the cervix - from the area around the cervical opening or os - this area is known as the transformation zone.
Cells on the surface of the cervix are collected on a wooden spatula and fixed onto a glass slide. The slides are subject to a staining process (by Papanicolau's method - hence the alternative name of Pap smear) in the laboratory and are then examined to detect the presence of pre-cancerous cells. Abnormal cells are termed dyskaryotic (meaning abnormal nucleus of the cell) and are graded as mild, moderate or severe, depending on the degree of abnormality present.

If the cells are normal then this is known as a negative smear. A positive smear is one where dyskaryotic cells are present. A high proportion of smears are neither negative nor positive. The sample may be unsatisfactory, or the cervical cells may be obscured by red or white blood cells, as may occur in the presence of infection. A smear may also be reported as borderline, which suggests minor cellular abnormalities, not amounting to dyskaryosis.

Negative smears are usually repeated every three to five years, unless there has been a recent abnormality. Positive smears are referred for colposcopy. Other grades of smear are usually repeated at three to six months.
]]> http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/49/1659.page http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/49/1659.page GMT [/size] [/b]
The cervic[/color]al cancer screening program in the UK is one of the most effective in the world. Women between the ages of 20 - 64 are invited to have a cervical smear test at three to five year intervals. The percentage of the eligible population being screened has risen from 45% in 1988-89 to 83.7% in 1999-2000.
Although no screening program can be 100% effective, it is estimated that the screening program prevents between 1,100 and 3,900 cases of cervical cancer each year. The aim of cervical cancer screening is to detect abnormalities of the cervix at the pre-invasive stage of the disease. This is usually termed pre-cancer and implies an abnormality of the outer skin or epithelial layer of the cervix, which, if untreated may progress to invasive cancer. Cells shed from an area of pre-cancer may be detected by the cervical smear test.
Most (but probably not all) cancers of the cervix go through this pre-cancerous phase and its detection and treatment can effectively prevent the progression to invasive disease.It is believed that the majority of pre-cancerous changes are caused by infection with the human papilloma virus, or wart virus (HPV). Not all types of HPV cause pre-cancerous changes but certain strains of this virus are more prone to incorporate themselves into the nucleus of the cell and cause abnormal division of that cell which initiates the growth of the abnormal tissue. This process is called neoplasia (new growth).
The time scale from the initiation of the neoplastic process to the development of invasive cancer is usually over many years and therefore regular smear tests can detect this process before invasion occurs. When pre-cancerous cells are identified on a smear, the next step is an examination of the cervix to identify and, where appropriate, treat the abnormal area on the cervix. This examination is called colposcopy.
]]> http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/48/1658.page http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/48/1658.page GMT
Staging of the disease is by a careful examination under anaesthesia to determine the extent of local spread, with a cystoscopy (an endoscopic examination of the bladder) to exclude spread into the bladder, and, where warranted, a sigmoidoscopy (an endoscopic examination of the lower bowel) to exclude spread into the bowel. Most units will also perform an MRI scan to look at local disease and also to identify any enlargement of the draining lymph nodes (glands on the side wall of the pelvis to where the cancer cells will spread first).

Treatment of the disease is by surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. These are administered alone, or in combination, and the main determining factor is the stage of the disease. For early stage disease surgery is usually recommended. The standard operation is a radical hysterectomy (also known as Wertheim's hysterectomy). Radiotherapy is given for later stages and when there is spread to the lymph glands (usually identified by the pathologist after the glands are removed at surgery). Increasingly, oncologists are using chemotherapy in combination with radiotherapy for advanced stage disease.

It should be emphasised that treatment of cervical cancer should be tailored to the needs of the individual, after a full and frank discussion with the patient and her relatives. All cervical cancer treatment (apart from cases of early microscopic invasion) should be delivered in recognized cancer centers by a team including a specialist gynaecological cancer surgeon, a clinical oncologist and a specialist nurse. They should be part of a large team, including a radiologist and pathologist with a major interest in gynaecological cancer.

Development of specialist teams has been recognized as the way forward to deliver an improved quality of care. This is also important, as, with a reduction in the number of cases of cervical cancer, fewer units will maintain the expertise to offer optimal treatment.
Cancer of the cervix is becoming a rare disease in the UK. This is largely attributable to the success of the cervical screening program. The main emphasis is now in the prevention of cervical cancer - by the detection and treatment of cervical cancer at its pre-invasive stage.
]]> http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/47/1657.page http://happyhealthforum.com/posts/preList/47/1657.page GMT